Children and Families in UK Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Children and Families in UK Policy - Essay Example Secondly, it is a benefit payable to workers via the tax system which leads to increased net income for the concerned. Before 1997, all governments did not deal with family policy explicitly. However, the rest of the Europe highly embraced this. Under New Labour, there has been a tremendous change with regard to family policy. They have adopted the ideas of "social investment" in children. They have also realized that the great changes in family forms and the nature of contributions made by women and men in the families can not be ignored any more (Lewis, 2007). However, family is not an easy territory for these policymakers. Consensus on what a family should look like nowadays remains elusive as politicians find themselves treading on dangerous grounds. They avoid making any judgement regarding sexual morality or intimate relationship forms. Before 1997, the instinct was to look back to the traditional two-parent and married family. This is where the men were to be bread winners while women took care of the home and children. The earliest policy document was titled "Supporting Families." The aim of this approach was to address the changes. They have stopped condemning single mothers as a moral and social problem and a threat. Instead, the major focus has shifted back to that of the 1970s. Labour decided to increase employment rates for these single mothers since they could not provide enough money considering there was only one person providing both care and wages. Labour has been a bit too radical in its mission to address the issues caused by the changing nature of women and men's contribution to families, which is the increase in the increase in women's participation in the labour market. Initially, the UK did not so much concern itself in issues regarding work and family balance, specifically those regarding various types of leave for fathers and mothers and childcare. This has since changed and is now at par with the rest of Europe. Many families now have two incomes since many women also work, although part time in many cases. To respond to this trend, Labour has invested heavily in subsidies for childcare. They have also increased from fourteen weeks to nine months. This is expected to further increase to twelve months by 2010. They have also introduced the right to request flexible working patterns for young children's parents and caretakers of adult dependants. In addition, they have doubled maternity pay. During the initiation of these changes, Labour had a difficult task guarding against becoming a "nanny" state and responding to claims that it was undermining family privacy. The critics particularly did not like Labour to instigate parenthood programmes. Labour has shifted from the false position of the 1980s and early 1990s that parents are the most knowledgeable. It continues to insist on the importance of parental choice in respect to family practices. In particular, the way parents choose to combine care work and employment. However, these family members' interests often conflict. For instance, by men choosing not to do care work, it affects the women's choice to work. This issue of choice more often than not only masks inequality and power in family issues whenever it is applied in family policy. It has been argued that not enough has been done to encourage men to do care work. Giving fathers a "daddy leave" would really help achieve this (NAO,

John Keats when i have fears 2 Essay Example for Free

John Keats when i have fears 2 Essay John Keats’ poem â€Å"When I have Fears that I may cease to be† is about the poet’s contemplation of his own mortality. When Keats woke one day with blood on his pillow, the doctor in him knew that stain to be the mark of his own undoing by consumption. This poem is one way of dealing with that knowledge by asserting that the things that seem the most important at the moment—poetic fame and love—are really nothing compared to the great wide world. The poet has finally come to accept his place in the grand scheme of things, so the tone shifts from questioning hesitancy to peaceful acquiescence. Lines 1-2 discuss how the poet’s brain is filled with possibility—ideas not yet written down by his pen in mounds of important books—and his fear that he may die before he is able to reach his poetic potential. This idea is compounded by the use of both imagery and alliteration in the first quatrain of the poem. The description of the â€Å"full-ripen’d grain† in line 4 compares his poetic imagination to a grainery; that is, a place chock full of ripe food that will nourish the body the way his poetry will fulfill the mind. His use of repeated sounds in â€Å"glean’d,† â€Å"grave’d,† â€Å"garner,† â€Å"garner,† and â€Å"grain† show just how fertile his imagination can be and raise the question of how tragic it may be if he dies before he has reached his peak. Lines 5-8 continue this contemplation of his poetry by considering the raw materials of his work—â€Å"night’s starr’d face† and â€Å"high romance† in the â€Å"huge cloudy symbols†Ã¢â‚¬â€in other words, Keats is seeing everything that he would render into meaningful poetry given the time, but without that chance, he can only mourn the loss of the possible poem that exists in his mind. He also gives a glimpse as to his view of composing poetry when he claims that â€Å"the magic hand of chance† could aid him in rendering mystical nature into a poem. Keats is using the mystery of nature as a symbol for the mystery of his future poetry, poems that will be lost if he ceases to be before committing them to paper. Lines 9-12 move beyond his poetic potential to consider the possibility of love lost in the event of his untimely death. These lines are halting, a nod to the â€Å"faery power of unreflecting love†; it is almost as though Keats worries more over the loss of his future poetry moreso than any chance at love. Love itself is a sham here, an attempt at happiness that, when compared to the power of harnessing nature, loses any real chance at success. This section is only three and a half lines long, not even a full quatrain, a rhythm that gives the reader a sense of rushing; this is the same quality felt by Keats, and it reinforces the essence of the poem—time is running out. The repetition of the word â€Å"when† also conveys the sense of time passing; with each moment, death approaches. Yet for all of these considerations, Keats realizes in the last two and half lines that the things he seeks the most, Fame and Love, are really nothing when compared to the grand scheme of things. The image of the shore is crucial here; when compared to the ocean, Keats’ personal struggles are meaningless, but beyond that, the shoreline represents a boundary line. Just as Keats fears crossing the lines between life and death, he can come to terms with mortality when he finds himself in another in-between zone. Overall, â€Å"When I have Fears that I may cease to be† is a poem about accepting the limitations placed on one by life and time. Though material gains like fame or spiritual experiences like love may seem like all-encompassing purposes for a life, Keats shows that, upon reflection, these things pale in comparison to the larger issues in the world. Through the clever use of specific words and rhyme schemes, Keats conveys his message using poetic techniques.

JFK Assassination Conspiracy Theory

JFK Assassination Conspiracy Theory The events that occurred on November 22, 1963 have invoked more intrigue than any other assassination of the twentieth century. Fortunately, because of the advances in technology, the assassination of President Kennedy was recorded in film both with motion and still photography. These graphic souvenirs have been the subject of much research and inquiry. More time has gone into investigating the two minutes surrounding the firing of the fatal shots than any other time period (Arnold, 1997). The assassination of arguably one of the greatest presidents of the United States was seen by hundreds of eyewitness spectators who all qualified as first-person witnesses. The debate that encompasses the assassination includes the dispute whether President Kennedy was the victim of an assassination conspiracy. As one examines the contradictions, eyewitness accounts, and support evidence, various the conclusions may be reached, the main notion that Lee Harvey Oswald may have not been solely respons ible for the assassination of John F. Kennedy, but acted simultaneously with other unknown conspirators. On Nov. 22, 1963 President Kennedy and his wife were in Dallas, Texas trying to strengthen his political campaign for his upcoming election. While in his motorcade, President Kennedy was fatally shot from a sixth floor warehouse window. As the shots were being fired, a member of the Secret Service jumped on the back of the car and dove  on top of the president, shielding him (Groden, 1993). During the shooting, Governor Connally suffered injuries to his right side. Although the Governor was badly wounded,  he survived. At 1:00 p.m. President Kennedy was pronounced dead at the Parkland Hospital. Later that afternoon aboard Air Force One, Vice President Lyndon Johnson was sworn in as President of the United States of America (Groden, 1993). As President Kennedys motorcade turned left onto Elm Street a series of gunshots rang out. Kennedy was struck twice and Governor Connally was struck once. The public was outraged that President Kennedy was murdered and wanted an explanation. President Lyndon B. Johnson set up the Warren Commission, lead by Earl Warren, to head investigation. The Warren Commission concluded that Lee Harvey Oswald was the lone assassin in the murder of John F. Kennedy. According to the official report from the Warren Commission all three shots came from the sixth story of the Texas School Book Depository (Kallen, 2003). Thus, the Commission surmised that Oswald had been completely responsible. Lee Harvey Oswald was claimed as the sole assassin of President Kennedy. Oswald had been very disgruntled with the government ever since he had been discharged from the United States Marine Corps. Following his discharge, he moved to the Soviet Union attempting to acquire citizenship and after being denied citizenship, he returned to the United States (Newman, 1995). The year Oswald shot and killed President  Kennedy, he moved to Dallas, Texas where he plotted the assassination of the president with numerous co-conspirators (Newman, 1995). The angle of the bullets caused a lot of controversy. After the assassination, the first official autopsy on the human body took place on President Kennedy. There were two autopsies on President Kennedy, one in Bethesda Naval Hospital, and another in Parkland Hospital in Dallas. In Bethesda, the doctors said that the bullets had entered President Kennedys body in this upper portion of the neck, and emerged out of the neck about 2 centimeters above his bow tie (Kallen, 2003). However, the doctors at Parkland Hospital said that the back wounds were lower, and had different modes of entry. Parkland doctors found that the bullets entered about 2 centimeters above the Presidents bow tie, and emerged out of his lower back, about 14 centimeters below the entering wound (Kallen, 2003). With that trajectory, the gunman would have to have been situated well above the President, an impossible shot. The Warren Commission completely ignored these findings and did not make mention of them in the official report (Kallen, 2003). The Warren Commission also ignored the opinions of experts as well as eyewitness accounts and the sounds coming from police radios. The latter of these proofs were the recordings captured on the radio traffic of the Dallas Police Department. These radios were in the possession of police officers who were positioned close to the motorcade and adjacent to a railroad yard and a grassy knoll. The first two gunshots could be heard faintly in the distance while the third was noticeably louder and presumably fired closer to where the officers were stationed (Prouty, 1992). The recordings were analyzed by experts and a joint conclusion was made. In December of 1963, two of the expert investigators, Mark Weiss and Ernest Aschkenasy, testified before the House Assassination Committee. In their conclusion Professor Weiss stated that with the probability of ninety-five percent or better the third shot came from the grassy knoll (Arnold, 1997). Furthermore, several innocent bystanders also confirmed that gunfire came from the grassy knoll. These witnesses included six railroad workers who confirmed reports of smoke being seen in the area surrounding the grassy knoll immediately after the shooting stopped (Prouty, 1992). Additionally, several onlookers heard the sharp crack of a rifle report behind them as they observed the Presidents motorcade (Prouty, 1992). Perhaps the most compelling account is the description given by Senator Ralph Yarborough who  rode in the motorcade a few cars behind President Kennedys limousine. The Senator stated that after driving by the grassy knoll you could smell [gun] powder on our car nearly all the way to Parkland Hospital (Prouty, 1992). The common link between the assassination of President Kennedy and Lee Harvey Oswald was Jack Ruby, the man who killed Oswald in the basement of the Dallas Police Department Headquarters. Many people questioned why Jack Ruby shot Lee Harvey Oswald. Was this a cover up to keep him from talking about his part in this tragedy? Ruby was a nightclub owner and a local strongman with strong ties to organized crime (Lindopy, 1992). His associates included Joseph Campisi, a top-ranked  Dallas Mafia member and Carlos Marcello, the head of the New Orleans crime family (Arnold, 1997). According to eyewitness accounts and swore affidavits, Ruby met with these men and other Mafia members in several meetings in the period of time leading up to the assassination of President Kennedy (Arnold, 1997). Also, numerous phone calls  including long-distance calls were placed between Ruby and his Mafia associates before the assassination (Arnold, 1997). In fact Ruby was so involved with organized crime t hat he was referred to as one of our boys by the Mafia leadership (Prouty, 1992). When the United States House of Representatives issued their final report in the spring of 1964, they reported that the logical and probable inference of the assassination of President Kennedy was that the President was killed as the result of a conspiracy (Prouty, 1992). This conclusion was in direct disagreement with the Warren  Commissions presumption of Oswald as the lone gunman. There is strong evidence to suggest that the Mafia ordered the death of President Kennedy as a penalty for meddling with the affairs of organized crime. Jack Ruby was simply used as a pawn by murdering the only suspect. By 1963, the Kennedy administration had become much evolved and somewhat successful in its attempts to prosecute the Mafia. This was evident though the Justice Departments triumph in sending several Mafia leaders to prison and dismantling its control over some parts of its realm including illegal gambling and loan sharking (Lindopy, 1992). President Kennedys brother, Robert Bobby Kennedy, was the Attorney General of the United States and largely responsible for these Federal indictments and prosecutions. Bobby Kennedy could have overlooked the destruction of organized crime but instead chose to target the Mafia from the highest levels of its organization (Lindopy, 1992). Additionally, the Mafia had set a precedent of killing or removing from power those opposed to their agenda. Examples of this treachery include the assassination of Chicago Mayor Anton Cermak, United Auto Workers President Walter Reuther and UAW-AFL President John Kilpatrick (Lindopy, 1992). Each of these men was murdered for opposing the Mafias plans or speaking out against them. Thus the stage may have been set for the assassination of President Kennedy. The second major theory surrounding the assassination of President Kennedy involves the United States primary spy network, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). During the Second World War the Central Intelligence Agency possessed much power. Their policy and decision making affected nearly every aspect of the war from key military offences to the decree to drop the atomic bomb on Japan (Newman, 1995). After the War, the CIA continued planning governmental strategies and exercised great power until the failed attempt to overthrow Fidel Castros Cuban government at the Bay of Pigs. Deeply angered by this CIA disaster, President Kennedy and his advisors decided that Allen Dulles, the Director of the CIA, and other top level staff must go (Prouty, 1992). In  fact, President Kennedy was so angered by the botched maneuver that he vowed to shatter the CIA into a thousand pieces (Prouty, 1992). In November of 1961, President  Kennedy fired Director Dulles and his top aides throwing the CIA into a state of semi-disarray (Prouty, 1992). Furthermore, President Kennedy was determined to remove all United States military personnel from Vietnam, effectively ending U.S. involvement in Asia. This move worried the CIA in addition to several large companies providing armaments for the war effort (Newman, 1995). The CIA felt that while the ending of the war may have economic implications, the main fault of this idea was that it would leave American interests vulnerable having no visible military presence in the Far East (Prouty, 1992). The CIA was resolute to reverse the Presidents plan no matter what the cost (Newman, 1995). In August through October of 1962, the CIA met with the President and his advisors to attempt to change his intentions in Vietnam. When President Kennedy refused to negotiate with the intelligence community the stage was set for his assassination (Newman, 1992). After Kennedys assassination and despite the overwhelming evidence of multiple shooters, the news reports spoke only of Oswald as the lone assassin. This lack of information to the public was the brainchild of the CIA in its attempt to cover-up the facts (Newman, 1992). This craftily constructed plot was carefully monitored by skilled agents who could control certain key facets of the bureaucracy, the Warren Commission and the news media (Prouty, 1992). This activity caused J. Lee Rankin, the commissions general counsel to say, Part of our difficulty in regard to the assassination in that they  have decided that it is Oswald who committed the assassination.  They have decided that no one else was involved (Prouty, 1992). Perhaps the most compelling evidence for the CIAs involvement in the assassination of President Kennedy was the quick reversal of Kennedys policies by Lyndon B. Johnson, the man who followed John F. Kennedy in the Presidency. Whether for political reasons or for self-preservation, President Johnson both supported the Warren Commissions findings and reversed the course of Kennedys Vietnam policy (Newman, 1005). Perhaps Johnson too, feared for his life and would not oppose the effective power of the CIA (Prouty, 1992). In any case, a strong argument exists to support the theory that the CIA was involved in the assassination of President Kennedy. There is no serious question that Lee Harvey Oswald shot President Kennedy and Governor Connally. Oswald took a rifle to work, claiming the long package contained curtain rods (Semple, 2003). There was no eyewitness to him shooting the rifle from inside the building, though a witness saw him from the street and gave a rough description to the police. The rifle was found hidden on the sixth floor. It was the same gun Oswald had ordered through the mail and it had Oswalds fingerprints on it (Kallen, 2003). The bullets causing the wound to President Kennedy and Governor Connally were matched to this gun. Boxes used to make the snipers lair had Oswalds prints on them as well (Aynesworth, 2003). Oswald fled the scene and later shot a police officer who had stopped him for routine questioning. While in detention, he told numerous easily-discoverable lies to police interrogators (Aynesworth, 2003). For many countries around the world, November 22, 1963 is just another date on the calendar. But for America, it represents one of the darkest days in the history of this still very young nation. It represented the end of Americas innocence. It forced America to wake up, rub its virgin eyes and experience the world for what it really is: a cold, harsh reality that we were not ready to deal with. There is no question that Lee Harvey Oswald was directly involved in the shootings of President Kennedy and Governor Connally. But  overwhelming evidence and contradictions support the theory that the assassination of President John F. Kennedy was much more then just a lone attack, giving way to one of the greatest conspiracies ever imagined and changing America forever.

rocke Essay -- essays research papers

Andrew Carnegie and the Rise of Big Business   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Andrew Carnegie was the pioneering tycoon of the 19th century. From his companies emerged the steel to build the infrastructures such as railroads, bridges, automobiles, and ships that would build a nation in need of direction. He was a major player in the transformation into the Industrial Revolution producing the steel to make machinery and transportation possible. Carnegie built his empire from cost control, low prices, low profits, and high volume to make himself the richest man in the world. In his philanthropic stage of life, he became the world's beneficiary to education, as he is responsible for the construction and donation of thousands of libraries in the U.S., Europe and around the world. Andrew Carnegie is remembered for many accomplishments that include his rise from rags to riches and his influences on the railroad, stock market, and iron and steel industries.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Early Years: Andrew Carnegie was born into a very poor family from Dunfermline, Scotland. He moved to the United States with his family in 1848. Carnegie received his first job when he was 13 as a bobbin boy in a cotton mill at a mere $1.20 weekly wage. Carnegie’s big break came in 1849, when he was hired at the O’Reilly Telegraph Company. With this job, Carnegie was able to learn many of the important structures of business, which gave him important knowledge of commercial affairs and the new economy. Carnegies second big break arose when Thomas Scott hired him to be the personal telegrapher and secretary. Carnegie gained hands on experience in the railroad when a derailment almost caused heavy stoppage. Carnegie was able to get the railroad moving again which gave him his first chance to be a leader. In 1859, Andrew Carnegie was appointed Superintendent of the Pittsburgh Division at the age of 24. Carnegie was so good at his job that he was able to perfect the system of statistica l control even further and introduce new management innovations. From working with the railroad, great qualities were emerging that were to mark his later career. These qualities included, a hard work ethic, ability to master the details of a business very quickly, and act daring and forceful. New Investment Ventures: In 1856, Andrew Carnegie was persuaded to buy some stock. He was loaned the money and b... .... This turned into a bad call because of the deaths and injuries made by Frick’s view to bring in strikebreakers. If Carnegie would have gone with his normal action of closing down the plants until a new agreement could be made, Homestead never would have taken place. Carnegie wouldn’t have had to regret this decision the rest of his life and the press wouldn’t have criticized him the rest of his life. In conclusion, Andrew Carnegie is one of the greatest entrepreneurs that have ever lived. He was a Schumpeteran entrepreneur that changed the stream of the allocation of resources over time by introducing new departures into the flow of economic life by creating the modern iron and steel industry. He set a standard that no other industrialists could match. He made million after a million, learning and preparing to make even more money. He loved to make money but was unlike John D. Rockefeller or Cornelius Vanderbilt. Carnegie believed in making the most of his money, so he gave millions of dollars to different institutions and built many structures for people to learn. Andrew Carnegie will always be remembered as long as time passes as a philanthropist, businessman, and a great man.

Huntingtons’s Concept and Its Applicability to the Contemporary World Essay

Introduction Globalization and the trend in the politics has entered a new political schema after the World War II and as such, it is has drawn the interest of political theorists who had hoped to re-define and predict the future outcomes of global politics. Among the different approaches, what had really attracted the attention of the media and the interested crowd is Huntington’s concept on the Clash of Civilizations theory. Huntington’s stereotypical claims and predictions regarding future outcomes of global relations had uncannily matched with that of the drastic event of the Al-Qaeda’s attack on September 11 on the Twin Towers. The event, which had caught global attention,   is said to have been a direct pop-out from Huntington’s essay and that ‘event’ was resultant of the ‘clash’ between the differing cultures of the American superpower and the Muslims of Afghanistan. The ethnic conflict, albeit on global scale, would be the political pattern after the Cold War. The question is, is Huntington’s concept still applicable with the current trend of globalization? Here there is a basic assumption that conflicts arise from ethnic differences and it is on these differences which will feed the upcoming antagonism between the different nations. Al-Qaeda’s attack may have been likely ‘accidental’ and that his reasons were not purely ‘ethnic’ as in Huntington’s theory. In the paper, there is an attempt to investigate the flaws of Huntington’s Clash of Civilizations when placed in the larger context of globalization and international conflict. A thorough understanding of his paper first must be placated followed by criticisms and the more apt model that would fit the current trend for global political system. s The Clash of Civilizations is a theory proposed by political scientist Samuel P. Huntington in 1993 as a reaction to Fukuyama’s book. Herein, Huntington expanded on the shift of global patterns after the Cold War from the economic to traditional; whereby conflicts are more of culture clash. The globalization trend would function in the traditional cultural sense and will no longer be confounded on ideological clashes as in the philosophcal claims before. Huntington’s thesis is relatively simple to understand in the manner that he had oversimplified and reduced everything: â€Å"†¦It is my hypothesis that the fundamental source of conflict in this new world will not be primarily ideological or primarily economic. The great divisions among humankind and the dominating source of conflict will be cultural. Nation states will remain the most powerful actors in world affairs, but the principal conflicts of global politics will occur between nations and groups of different civilizations. The clash of civilizations will dominate global politics. The fault lines between civilizations will be the battle lines of the future†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . His basic premise is the culture clash as a primary source of conflict and he divided the Globe into different ethnic groups representing the different civilizations, each embodying different religion: African, Hindu, Western, Sinic, Orthodox, Islamic, Latin America and Japanese. From these different ethnic frontiers, will arise the future conflicts and he had cited the cases of India and Pakistan. What is most daunting of his perceptions is that the Superpower of America will face a decline and the shift will be on the combined powers of Sino-Islamic group. Equally daunting is Huntington’s concept that what had fueled this antagonism is the purposive role of teology in the different civilizations, most particularly, that of the Islams.

The Computer Ate My Blog… and Other Excuses That Don’t Work

The Computer Ate My Blog†¦ and Other Excuses That Don’t Work Last week, I wrote a draft of a blog and saved it to my â€Å"My Blog† folder, planning to return to the piece to edit it before my Monday publishing time. Due to my speaking and traveling schedule, I knew I would not have any wiggle room on this one. When I went to pull up the blog on Monday, however, it was not in the folder where I saved it. The document path showed up in my â€Å"Open Recent† list but alas, it would not open. I missed a publication date for the first time in years. And you probably don’t care why, do you? â€Å"Excuses, excuses. Blah blah blah†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Really, all you care about is that you’re reading this blog, now. Imperfection My blog is not the only thing I dropped in the past week. Over the weekend, for instance, I was in charge of many aspects of the Foundations Weekend Training with the Wright Foundation in Chicago. One of my roles was making sure the sales table was staffed. I knew there were some gaps in the schedule, and I never addressed them fully prior to the training, figuring we’d work something out over the weekend itself. Sunday rolled around and there was no more time to spare. All of a sudden we had an urgent situation on our hands. People were starting to come to the table to sign up for programs, and we did not have people there to help them. Oops. I was in a bit of trouble from the people supervising me. Finding Solutions Together Thankfully, there were other people in the room who could help. We put our heads together, trained people on what they needed to be trained on, and covered the gap in staffing. I learned a lot over the weekend about how to handle mistakes. People do not like to hear excuses and explanations of why you made the mistake. They want you to acknowledge the drop and figure out a solution. And they want to stay in relationship with you as you fix the mistake. In the past, when I have made mistakes, I have often defaulted to ineffective excuses and defenses, not wanting to be seen as unreliable. I have believed that if a mistake is my fault, I will be fired or abandoned. If I could put responsibility on someone else, then, in my world of mistaken beliefs, I would not have to â€Å"take the blame.† As you’ve probably gathered, I have spent plenty of time and energy beating myself up, which means I have not been paying attention to the people around me who could help think through options  and even be part of the solution. Celebrating Mistakes I’ve been told for a long time to â€Å"celebrate mistakes†Ã‚  (I even wrote a blog about it), and I have not been doing a great job of it. But this past weekend, I got an inkling of how to do that. At this Foundations Weekend, I figured out more than how to staff the sales table. I learned that I am unlikely to be fired for making mistakes if I take responsibility for quickly finding a solution. I tapped into the joy of teamwork when something needs fixing. And I discovered that I can manage to remain pleasant and delightful to be around even when I’ve done something wrong! So yeah, I lost my blog. But I’m not complaining. I wrote what I hope is a better one, and now the other topic seems like yesterday’s news. I am looking forward, with no excuses.

75 Synonyms for Cheat, Fraud, or Trickery

75 Synonyms for Cheat, Fraud, or Trickery 75 Synonyms for â€Å"Cheat,† â€Å"Fraud,† or â€Å"Trickery† 75 Synonyms for â€Å"Cheat,† â€Å"Fraud,† or â€Å"Trickery† By Mark Nichol Human beings have developed cheating, fraud, and trickery into such a high art (or, more accurately, a low one) that, in English at least, we’ve created an extensive and colorful vocabulary to describe such activity. Here is an exhaustive but incomplete list of synonyms in noun and/or verb form for cheat, fraud, and trickery. 1. Bamboozle: to deceive or undermine 2. Beat: to cheat 3. Beguile: to deceive or trick (or to lure) 4. Bilk: one who defrauds; to defraud (or evade or frustrate) 5. Bleed: to be the victim of extortion 6. Blind: see subterfuge 7. Bluff: an act of deception or misdirection; or to undertake such an act 8. Buffalo: to deceive 9. Bunco: a game or scheme designed to cheat someone 10. Burn: to deceive 11. Chicanery: deception 12. Chisel: to engage in unfair practices 13. Chouse: to cheat or trick 14. Con: one who cheats or manipulates, or an act or operation to that end; to cheat or manipulate (from confidence) 15. Cozenage: fraud (the verb form is cozen) 16. Craft: cunning (usually employed in the adjectival form crafty) 17. Crib: a method or device for cheating on a test; to cheat, or to have the habit of cheating, in this manner 18. Diddle: see swindle (verb form only) 19–20. Do (or do in): to cheat 21. Doctor: to alter or modify deceptively 22. Dodge: an act of deceit or a trick; to deceive or trick 23. Dupe: one who fools another, or the act of fooling (as dupery, the act of fooling or the condition of being fooled); to deceive or trick 24. Duplicity: using words or actions to deceive 25. End run: an evasive maneuver or trick 26. Euchre: to cheat or trick (also the name of a card game) 27. Feint: a fake attack or blow intended to distract the target from a real assault; to make such a move 28. Fiddle: see swindle (British English; also, also, to deceive by altering or manipulating) 29. Fix: an act or instance of influencing illegally or improperly; to influence illegally or improperly 30. Fleece: to perpetrate extortion or fraud (or to charge excessively) 31. Flimflam: fraud or deceit; or to subject someone to fraud or deceit 32. Front: an entity ostensibly responsible for something but masking the identity of the entity actually engaging in an endeavor; to act as the masking agent 33. Fudge: to fake or to go beyond the bounds of proper conduct 34. Gammon: deceitful talk; to deceive or fake 35. Gaff: a fraud, trick, or gimmick; to deceive or trick or set up a fraud or trick 36. Gull: one who is easy deceived (the root of gullible); to deceive 37. Gyp: one who cheats or deceives, or an act of cheating or deception; to cheat 38 Have on: to deceive or trick (British English) 39. Hoax: an act of deception, or something intended to deceive; to trick into accepting or believing something false 40. Hose: to cheat or trick 41. Humbug: something intended to deceive, or a deceptive person or attitude (also, nonsense); to deceive 42. Hustle: the act of deception to obtain or sell something; to use deception to obtain or sell something, or to lure others to gamble 43. Jig: a trick 44. Jugglery: deception or trickery; in verb form (juggle), to deceive or trick 45. Legerdemain: to deceive by distraction or misleading (literally, â€Å"sleight of hand†) 46. Mulct: to defraud or obtain by fraud (also, a fine, or to fine) 47. Nobble: to cheat (especially, in British English, by drugging a racehorse) 48. Pluck: see fleece 49. Put on: an act of deception or trickery (the noun form is hyphenated); to deceive or trick 50. Ream: to cheat 51. Rip off: an act of cheating or fraud (the noun form is hyphenated); to cheat or defraud (or to steal or copy) 52. Rook: to defraud 53. Scam: a deceptive or fraudulent act or operation; to deceive or defraud by such action 54. Screw: to extort or trick (also, to pressure or threaten) 55. Shake down: an act of obtaining money deceptively (the noun form is a closed compound); to obtain money deceptively 56. Sham: a trick (also, hypocrisy, or a counterfeit or imitation) 57. Shell game: see thimblerig 58. Short: see shortchange 59. Shortchange: to cheat by giving less than is due, or to cheat in general 60. Skin: see fleece 61. Skulduggery: devious behavior 62. Skunk: to cheat or fail to pay 63. Snooker: to cheat 64. Snow: to deceive (or charm or persuade) 65. Sophistry: argument or reasoning intended to deceive 66. Squeeze: to extort, or obtain by extorting 67. Stick: to cheat or to overcharge or trick into paying more 68. Stiff: to cheat by refusing or failing to pay 69. Sting: an act of cheating or charging excessively; to cheat or charge excessively 70. Subterfuge: trickery to conceal or evade 71. Sucker: one who is easily cheated or deceived; to cheat or deceive 72. Swindle: an act of deception or fraud to obtain something; to obtain something by deceit or fraud 73. Smoke screen: something intended to conceal or deceive 74. Thimblerig: a trick in which a small object is moved among three overturned cups and someone attempts to identify the cup it ends up under, or the person who performs the trick; to cheat this way or in general 75. Wile: a deceitful trick (also, one that is merely clever or playful), or skill in luring or tricking others (in the sense of luring, often plural) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Cost-Effective vs. Cost-Efficient10 Techniques for More Precise Writing48 Writing Prompts for Middle School Kids

Shrub Summary essays

Shrub Summary essays In Molly Ivins and Lou Duboses commentary, Shrub, the author outlines George W. Bushs political life from his days as an oil entrepreneur in Midland, working for corporations, and becoming the governor of Texas. The overall purpose of Molly Ivins is to give the future president a background of what he has done in Texas that would make it scary to the next leader of the free world. In the introduction, Ivins suggests, The first is to look at the record. The second is to look at the record. And third, look at the record. One of the first accountable and mysterious records was when Bush was able to fly F-102s in the Texas Air National Guard. He was assigned to one of the safest plane missions to deter himself from going to Vietnam. Unlike some of the poor children and with the development of Project 100,000 to accept Southern black children to participate in the war, the powerful and wealthy people in the state of Texas prevented the rich young males from going to Vietnam. Despite Bushs lowest score on the pilots test, he was selected from 150 out of a waiting list of 100,000 people applying for the position. However, despite the minimum scores, junior used the name Bush effectively because his father was a Congressman for Texas. Bush Jr. also ran for Texas Congressional seat. However, all plans were broken after one of his volunteers, goofed up by running a Bush Bash political rally. The bash was to invite college students at Texas Tech to vote for Bush by giving away free alcoholic beverages. George W. Bush was involved in oil business in Texas. Molly Ivins sums up what Mr. Bush has done, he had actually failed, but still rewarded for the mistakes he has committed. For example, when Bush struck oil and founded Arbusto Energy Company, he had around fifty investors put in $4.7 million, but lost most of the amount. The company was saved Spectrum 7 Energy Corpor...

The world's oceans, should ocean protected area exist Essay

The world's oceans, should ocean protected area exist - Essay Example Marine resources are so much important for the humans as â€Å"97 % of all the water on the Earth is in the oceans† (Yang) and because â€Å"71% of Earth’s surface† (Woods Hole Oceanographic) is covered by oceans. Stabilizing climate temperatures, exchanging of climate gases, and increasing biodiversity are parts of benefits that the ocean yields us. Similarly, ocean produces half of the oxygen that the humans breathe and offers a great environmental condition that keeps organisms alive and growing. As Langreth has rightly pointed out ocean offers shelter to an estimated â€Å"five million species, most of which have not yet been classified† (Langreth). However, man’s indiscriminate actions such as dumping waste materials, oils, overfishing, and noise pollutions pose great threat to the marine life in oceans. It is imperative that man protects and conserves marine life through such radical measures as the marine protected areas. It can thus be seen that implementation of marine protected areas can offer the best solution for the uncontrolled overfishing and overexploitation of marine life. In 2010 a decade-long international survey of ocean life showed that overfishing caused the disappearance of 90% of the big fishes from the oceans including the largest animal on the planet- the blue whale. More than one million species are living in ocean and they are primarily the victims of overfishing. Certain species such as bluefin tuna have already been destroyed or disappeared from the ocean. While overfishing has led to the disappearance of tens of thousands of bluefin tuna across the seas of Northern Europe in the 1930s and 1940s it has contributed to the vanishing of Halibut from the North Atlantic during the 19th century (Overfished and under-protected: Oceans on the brink of catastrophic collapse). Similarly, trawling towards is one of the methods for fishing and it is really harmful to the ocean. Bottom-trawling which involves

Develop an analysis on US modes of transportaation and security Essay

Develop an analysis on US modes of transportaation and security - Essay Example With regards to land transportation such as the train system or mass transport system, preparedness for emergency situations was increased through training and holding of emergency drills (Dillingham, 2003). Securing the mass transport system via land is more challenging than securing the transport modes through water and air. The high ridership, the open access features, the high costs of security improvements, vastness of the urban area, the existence of multiple access points and the problem of coordination with the various stakeholders make this type of transportation mode difficult to secure (Guerrero, 2002). Despite these challenges, the agencies involved in mass transport have come up with safety and security measures namely: â€Å"1) vulnerability assessments; 2) fast-track security improvements; 3) immediate, inexpensive security improvements; 4) intensified security presence; 5) increased emergency drills; 6) revised emergency plans; and 7) additional training on anti-terr orism† (Guerrero, 2002). Specifically, there will be increased surveillance, more cameras, a mobile security team that handles random checking of passengers and bags, more police and bomb-sniffing canines (Levitz, 2010). With regards to water transport, security in ports was increased. There will be police officers from the port authority and explosives detection canine handlers who will board the ferry. Passenger and cargo screening is also implemented. Aviation security is implemented by screening the passengers and the property in the plane (Dillingham, 2003). Federal passenger screeners check all bags with the use of explosive detection system. Other alternative means for screening passengers and baggage were employed like canine teams, hand searches and passenger-bag matching. Federal air marshals are also deployed. Furthermore, reinforced cockpit doors in aircrafts were

Judges Rule on the Basis of Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Judges Rule on the Basis of Law - Case Study Example In the legal systems of any given state, judges play a very significant role. However, for the judges to work efficiently the independence of the legal system need to be upheld. This is because judges should make rulings as per the law but not the opinions of the public. Judges are also required to differ from pressures in existence if their ruling is to be regarded as fair. In any given case, pressure from either group of people or individuals should not deter the judges from making their rulings according to the law (Reavley, 2002). However, there is an argument made that the government is a human affair. Contrary to the fact that the judge should rule in accordance to the law, critics made argue that people are well ruled if the judges understand the people’s thinking as well as put into consideration their opinions. They further argue that there is a danger that arises if the law and justice become rigidly bound to recorded laws or statutes. This raises an urge for the jud ges to put into consideration the public’s opinion (Bingham 2011, p.13). Judges should restrict their ruling on the basis of law only without being driven by any public opinion. However, judges should not only rely on only the written statutes and laws and this calls for them to seek public opinion as well as what the public thinks (Reavley, 2002). In Case [2012] EWHC 2381 (Admin), there are tragic cases in consideration. The cases presented the society with ethical and legal questions of a unique and difficult kind. The cases also raised some constitutional questions which called for the attorney general’s intervention. The court was forced to invite the attorney general. The cases involved two claimants who suffered from catastrophic physical disabilities. However, the claimants’ mental processes were unimpaired by the fact that they were fully conscious of the predicament they were going through. Both of them suffered a locked-in syndrome.  Ã‚  

Scientific advances on Cloning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Scientific advances on Cloning - Research Paper Example The Scottish scientist Ian Wilmut of the Roslin Institute, along with his colleagues, announced on February 23, 1996 they had cloned a sheep by using a ground-technique. The method involved transplanting genetic matter from an adult sheep into a hollowed-out egg, an egg that had its nucleus removed. â€Å"The researchers fused the adult udder cell with an (egg) that was ready to be fertilized, but taken from a different sheep. The scientists had previously removed the nucleus from the (egg) using an electrical current to fuse it with the udder cell.† (Barnes, 2012). This sequence instigated cell division. The resulting embryo was then implanted into another sheep who acted as the surrogate-mother. The secret to this method’s success was making the nucleus of the donor’s udder cell â€Å"silent† so it would quit performing as it was originally intended and then reprogrammed it to act as an embryonic cell. That embryo would become Dolly; a sheep with three à ¢â‚¬Å"mothers† involved but only related biologically to the one that donated an udder cell. Consequently, Dolly is an exact genetic reproduction of the donor-cell sheep.Previous cloning experiments that used embryonic cells created a being that was the identical offspring of two parents instead of being an exact genetic duplicate of just one adult. Science successful copied a mammal from one parent for the first time. For nearly half a century, the system of relocating a nucleus from a somatic egg cell using nuclei from non-human embryonic cell continued. It was demonstrated that, in theory, up until the birth of Dolly that genetic material contained in somatic cells could maintain the potential to guide development of a healthy and fertile adult mammal. Scientists had thought once cellular differentiation materializes, this procedure would be reversible, able to change into another type of cell. However, until Dolly was born, the ability to do so was unproved. â€Å"The dem onstration that nuclei from cells derived from an adult animal could be reprogrammed, or that the full genetic complement of such a cell could be reactivated well into the chronological life of the cell, is what sets the results of this experiment apart from prior work† (Di Bernadino, 1997). From the mid-‘80’s scientists frequently cloned mammals, specifically cattle and sheep, from embryonic cells but the cloning of Dolly was the first time an animal developed to maturity by using a somatic cell nucleus from a single animal. This innovative method of cloning included three new developments: â€Å"

Variance Analysis Case Study Speech or Presentation

Variance Analysis Case Study - Speech or Presentation Example Educate the financial analysts and managers about the relationship between revenue, activities and expense in product line such as OTHER to avoid over budgeting the funds which can lead to poor financial health. The people to be held accountable to provide ideas based on their performance are practitioners who should avoid billing services not performed, falsifying a diagnosis, billing duplicate for a one service performed and misrepresentation procedures. Reinsurance: the main goal here is to offload risk and reward to the re-insurer for stable operating results. This is because the providers who cannot afford reinsurance that might lead to deplete in inadequate capitation payment s must be paid by other providers. Incentives: physicians to be given incentive for the consideration of cost of treatment because under pure capitation, fee per patient is predetermined regardless of the degree of infirmity. This gives physicians an incentive to avoid costly

Violence against Women and Girls Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Violence against Women and Girls - Essay Example Although some international and regional instruments of law have put in place the necessary measures for the states to use in order to cub, eradicate and even punish violence against young girls and women by demanding that the states ought to take the necessary measures to combat the violence, there has however continued prevalence of these vice. The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) indicates that the vice has grown to a global pandemic of alarming proportions which is yet to be addressed with all the appropriate political commitment as well as resources. According to UNIFEM (2010), approximately six out of every ten women in post conflict countries have experienced sexual or physical violence in their lifetime. A study by World Health Organization related to some twenty four thousand women in some ten countries indicates that prevalence of physical and sexual violence by a woman's partner ranged from 15 % in most urban areas of developed countries to a range of 30 - 60 % in most rural areas of post conflict states (UNIFEM, 2010). In most of these states, the violence against young girls and women have had some far reaching aftermath including so much harm to the families and communities affected. It has become a major source of disability or even death for girls and women of 16 up to 44 years of age. A World Bank investigation into some selected risk factors facing women and girls at the indicated age group showed that rape and domestic violence have emerged as more dangerous to the affected ladies than war, malaria, motor vehicle accidents and cancer. There has also been a close association between these kind of violence and HIV and AIFDS with a survey showing that there are some 1,366 women from South African region who have been beaten by the life partners and were more likely to be infected with HIV more than those who were not. Gender-related violence violates human rights as well as hampering of human productivity, reduction of human capital and undermining of economic growth to the affected lives. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report in 2003 indicated that the intimate partner violence costs in the USA alone have been found to exceed US$ 5.8 billion a year with US $ 4.1 billion being budgeted for direct medical as well as services related to health care (UNIFEM, 2010). Young girls at the tender age have unfortunately happened to be majority victims of sexual assault. Other group that has become subject to unwarranted sexual coercion is women who are in position of abject dependence on male power. Rape cases have also been high in post-conflict countries. This has been very much documented in the last few years in countries affected by civil conflicts. Rape in such cases has been employed systematically as a torture instrument or even domination of ethnic groups (Gender Equality, 2009). Although there has been indication of growth of the vice, some efforts by the post conflict nations in addressing the vice need to be put in place in preventing this situation. Some 89 post conflict countries in 2006 have installed some legislation measures targeting prevention of the domestic violence and plans of action. In most of these states, marital rape has become prosecutable

Scientific advances on Cloning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Scientific advances on Cloning - Research Paper Example The Scottish scientist Ian Wilmut of the Roslin Institute, along with his colleagues, announced on February 23, 1996 they had cloned a sheep by using a ground-technique. The method involved transplanting genetic matter from an adult sheep into a hollowed-out egg, an egg that had its nucleus removed. â€Å"The researchers fused the adult udder cell with an (egg) that was ready to be fertilized, but taken from a different sheep. The scientists had previously removed the nucleus from the (egg) using an electrical current to fuse it with the udder cell.† (Barnes, 2012). This sequence instigated cell division. The resulting embryo was then implanted into another sheep who acted as the surrogate-mother. The secret to this method’s success was making the nucleus of the donor’s udder cell â€Å"silent† so it would quit performing as it was originally intended and then reprogrammed it to act as an embryonic cell. That embryo would become Dolly; a sheep with three à ¢â‚¬Å"mothers† involved but only related biologically to the one that donated an udder cell. Consequently, Dolly is an exact genetic reproduction of the donor-cell sheep.Previous cloning experiments that used embryonic cells created a being that was the identical offspring of two parents instead of being an exact genetic duplicate of just one adult. Science successful copied a mammal from one parent for the first time. For nearly half a century, the system of relocating a nucleus from a somatic egg cell using nuclei from non-human embryonic cell continued. It was demonstrated that, in theory, up until the birth of Dolly that genetic material contained in somatic cells could maintain the potential to guide development of a healthy and fertile adult mammal. Scientists had thought once cellular differentiation materializes, this procedure would be reversible, able to change into another type of cell. However, until Dolly was born, the ability to do so was unproved. â€Å"The dem onstration that nuclei from cells derived from an adult animal could be reprogrammed, or that the full genetic complement of such a cell could be reactivated well into the chronological life of the cell, is what sets the results of this experiment apart from prior work† (Di Bernadino, 1997). From the mid-‘80’s scientists frequently cloned mammals, specifically cattle and sheep, from embryonic cells but the cloning of Dolly was the first time an animal developed to maturity by using a somatic cell nucleus from a single animal. This innovative method of cloning included three new developments: â€Å"

Violence against Women and Girls Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Violence against Women and Girls - Essay Example Although some international and regional instruments of law have put in place the necessary measures for the states to use in order to cub, eradicate and even punish violence against young girls and women by demanding that the states ought to take the necessary measures to combat the violence, there has however continued prevalence of these vice. The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) indicates that the vice has grown to a global pandemic of alarming proportions which is yet to be addressed with all the appropriate political commitment as well as resources. According to UNIFEM (2010), approximately six out of every ten women in post conflict countries have experienced sexual or physical violence in their lifetime. A study by World Health Organization related to some twenty four thousand women in some ten countries indicates that prevalence of physical and sexual violence by a woman's partner ranged from 15 % in most urban areas of developed countries to a range of 30 - 60 % in most rural areas of post conflict states (UNIFEM, 2010). In most of these states, the violence against young girls and women have had some far reaching aftermath including so much harm to the families and communities affected. It has become a major source of disability or even death for girls and women of 16 up to 44 years of age. A World Bank investigation into some selected risk factors facing women and girls at the indicated age group showed that rape and domestic violence have emerged as more dangerous to the affected ladies than war, malaria, motor vehicle accidents and cancer. There has also been a close association between these kind of violence and HIV and AIFDS with a survey showing that there are some 1,366 women from South African region who have been beaten by the life partners and were more likely to be infected with HIV more than those who were not. Gender-related violence violates human rights as well as hampering of human productivity, reduction of human capital and undermining of economic growth to the affected lives. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report in 2003 indicated that the intimate partner violence costs in the USA alone have been found to exceed US$ 5.8 billion a year with US $ 4.1 billion being budgeted for direct medical as well as services related to health care (UNIFEM, 2010). Young girls at the tender age have unfortunately happened to be majority victims of sexual assault. Other group that has become subject to unwarranted sexual coercion is women who are in position of abject dependence on male power. Rape cases have also been high in post-conflict countries. This has been very much documented in the last few years in countries affected by civil conflicts. Rape in such cases has been employed systematically as a torture instrument or even domination of ethnic groups (Gender Equality, 2009). Although there has been indication of growth of the vice, some efforts by the post conflict nations in addressing the vice need to be put in place in preventing this situation. Some 89 post conflict countries in 2006 have installed some legislation measures targeting prevention of the domestic violence and plans of action. In most of these states, marital rape has become prosecutable

Demat Account Essay Example for Free

Demat Account Essay I would like to thank my Branch Manager for being a support throughout my Project work. Mr. Deepak Chaudhary has always encouraged me to stay focused towards my project no matter what the conditions are. I have furthermore to thank my respected Project Guide Dr. Renuka Sharma who gave and confirmed this permission and encouraged me to go ahead with my Project. She always guided me in the right direction whenever I asked her for help. I would also like to thank God for giving me the patience throughout my project and my parents who supported me and helped me in all ways. Without all, I could not have successfully completed my project properly in time with adequate data and relevant substance in it. Thanking you, Mehak Mehta CUN120550046 3 Executive Summary This project is about creating a portfolio product that would help Angel Broking. We all know that stock market is a risky investment alternative for all but it is good if investor can make money out of it. The regulatory body for the stock market is SEBI who controls all the activities of the market on daily basis and try to do transaction in a legal way so as to avoid the scams and to protect the interest of the investors. Now days there are many Portfolio managers and Fund managers who invest on the behalf of the investors and they assured them fixed rate of return on their investment in a particular period of time. They all applied various kinds of model to measure the risk available in the market and the tools to manage that risk. There are various kinds of risk which is mainly categorize in two parts 1. Macro level risk 2. Micro level risk I. Macro level risk :- It consist of Systematic and Unsystematic Risk. Systematic risk is that which cannot be reduced but Unsystematic risk can be controlled. Micro Level risk:- It consist of various kinds of risk which are prevailing in the market like Business risk, Market risk, Liquidity risk, Exchange rate risk, Financial risk, Currency risk and Country risk The above are the broad categories of the risk in the market. As we can see from the recession that the global markets also have their impact on the Indian market because now a days companies are doing business at global level so the market of one country can affect the market of other countries also. So we cannot avoid the risk but we can manage the risk and minimize it. In my project I have done the same thing by applying the various models or tools which are helpful to manage the risk while doing an investment. Purpose/Objective of the study:? ? The purpose of the study is to give a portfolio product to Angel Broking as per the needs of the population of Ludhiana region. Endeavour to create wealth over the medium to longer term through investments in equities, across market capitalization by focusing solely on the following:? To measure the risk available in the market, taking into consideration the Nifty 50 stocks. To look deep into the fundamentals of the companies as well as the concerned industry. ? To calculate the expected return from the shortlisted stocks as well as from their concerned industry. ? To measure the risk/reward value of investors’ assets class choices 4 Research Methodology Used in the Project:Type of research project is Descriptive and Exploratory. To make a research project we need to see that whether there would be scope of this study or not, because if our study is not having scope then the whole work done will not be effective. The scope of this study is there in the market because in today scenario everyone looks for the safe and risk free return but they don’t know how to manage the risk which is there in the market so by the help of this study and after seeing the relevance, the Financial managers or the investment companies can take benefit out of it. Because by this they will come to know about the tools to manage the risk and they will be able to sell more investment products because by using it they will be able to give safe return to the investors which will lead to an increase in their goodwill in the market. Methodology used to making of this project is Descriptive research design. Once we decide with the type of research design we need also to know about the collection of data. I have used the secondary method to collect the data from the market. For this purpose different websites are being search out for the relevant information for making the project and various research paper and articles were also studied so as to get reference from those articles. Once I am done with the data collection and fundamental analysis, I then need to apply the tools. In my project I have used mainly four tools BETA, CAPITAL ASSET PRICING MODEL (CAPM), STANDARD DEVIATION and SHARPE INDEX. Sharpe Index tells us the excess return we can generate from the investment. Beta tells about the volatility of the risk. CAPM tells us about the Expected return on the stock, and Sortino ratio tells us that out of the stocks which are giving negative return which will be the stock that will give positive return in near future. Thus by applying all these models we come to know that we can also minimize our risk but for that analysis should be done so as to enjoy the safe return on the investment. Findings:- After applying all the above models I have come to know the Beta of my portfolio, expected return that my portfolio will generate. CAPM help us to know that how much would be expected return on the stock and then we can compare the actual return with the expected return and invest accordingly. Beta helps us to know the volatility of risk in the market and then we can do risk return tradeoff so as to invest in best stock as per our analysis. And Result of Sharpe ratio helps us to compare with the expected return and then do the Sortino ratio if required. 5 Table of Contents I. Introduction to the corporation. Business carried on by parent company and group companies along with brief history, promoters vision Introduction to the parent firm Main competitors Number of employees Organization Structure Study of functioning of all the departments of the company SWOT Analysis Financial Statement Analysis Trend Analysis Strategies adopted Profitability Analysis Review of Literature ? ? ? Review of articles Need of the study Objectives of the study III. Research Methodology adopted IV. Details of actual work undertaken V. Interpretation Analysis VI. Conclusion and Suggestions ? ? VII. Findings of the study Recommendations of the study Glossary VIII. Bibliography 6 Chapter-1 Introduction to the corporation and company 7 Business carried on by the parent company 8 Angel Broking Registered Office Corporate Office G-1, Ackruti Trade Center, Road No -7, 6th Floor, Ackruti Star, Central Road MIDC, MIDC, Andheri (E), Mumbai 400 093. Andheri (E), Mumbai 400 093. Tel: (022) 2835 8800 / 3083 7700 Tel: (022) 3935 7600 9 About the company Angel Brokings tryst with excellence in customer relations began in 1987. Today, Angel has emerged as one of the most respected Stock-Broking and Wealth Management Companies in India. With its unique retail-focused stock trading business model, Angel is committed to providing ‘Real Value for Money’ to all its clients. The Angel Group is a member of the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), National Stock Exchange (NSE) and the two leading Commodity Exchanges in the country: NCDEX ; MCX. Angel is also registered as a Depository Participant with CDSL. Vision To provide best value for money to investors through innovative products, trading/investments strategies, state of the art technology and personalized service. Motto To have complete harmony between quality-in-process and continuous  improvement to deliver exceptional service that will delight our Customers and Clients. 10 CRM Policy. A Customer is the most Important Visitor on our premises. He is not dependent on us, but we are dependent on him. He is not an interruption in our work. He is the purpose of it. He is not an outsider in our business. He is part of it. We are not doing him a favour by serving him. He is doing us a favour by giving us an opportunity to do so. † Mahatma Gandhi Business Philosophy ? ? ? ? Ethical practices ; transparency in all our dealings Customers interest above our own Always deliver what we promise Effective cost management Quality Assurance Policy We are committed to providing world-class products and services which exceed the expectations of our customers, achieved by teamwork and a process of continuous improvement. 11 Evolution of Angel Group ? MR DINESH THAKKAR, CHAIRMAN ; MANAGING DIRECTOR, ANGEL GROUP, started this Journey as a SUB-BROKER in 1987 with 3 Employees and 25 Clients. 1997-2003 ? Dec’97: Incorporation of Angel Broking ? July’98: Angel Research Division started ? Mar’02: Web-enabled back office software developed 2004 ? Apr’04: Incorporation of Commodities Broking ? Sep’04: Launch of internet trading platform 2005 Awarded prestigious â€Å"Major volume driver† award 12 2006 ? ? ? ? Jul’06: PMS function launched Sep’06: Commences MF and IPO distribution Oct’06: Awarded â€Å"Major volume driver† award Dec’06: Crossed 2,500 business associates 2007 ? Oct’07: â€Å"Major volume driver† award for third consecutive time ? Nov’07: Crossed 1. 5 lakh mark in DP account ? Dec’07: IFC acquired 12. 35% stake in Angel Group 2008 ? ? ? ? ? Jan’08: Commences insurance distribution Feb’08: Ranked 1st by NSE for Registered intermediaries May’08: Third party distribution business ramped up Sep’08: Ranked 1st on NSE for largest sub-broker network Major volume driver† award for the 4th consecutive time 2009 ? Jan’09: Ranked 1st on NCDEX on the basis of turnover ? May’09: Awarded the â€Å"Best Retail Broking House† and the â€Å"Broking House with Largest Distribution Network† by Dun ; Bradstreet ? Two Analysts won the ET Starmine Analyst Award ? â€Å"Major volume driver† award for the 5th consecutive time 2010 ? Nov’10: â€Å"Major volume driver† award for the 6th consecutive time 13 2011 ? Mar’11: Awarded the Best Contribution in Investor Education ; Category Enhancement of the Year – Angel Broking Ltd and Broker with Best Commodity Research of the Year Angel Commodities Broking Pvt. A very strong and dedicated Research and Advisory desk. ? One of the highest success ratios in both technical and fundamental calls. ? An excellent IT infrastructure in place with over 18144 trading terminals and 610 VSATs with a server uptime of 99. 9%. ? 100% Retail centric focus and total commitment towards retail customers. ? Some of the best fund managers running our Portfolio Management Services to enable clients to minimize their risk, enhance return and diversify their portfolios. ? Training Programs to upgrade the knowledge base ; competency levels of our employees, channel partners ; even our end customers. Understanding client’s risk ; return profile Offering the right blend of sector and stock exposure Giving dedicated Investment Advisors Giving a choice of different schemes to suit every individual investor preferences Catering to Individuals, HUFs, Corporate, NRIs, Trusts ? Angel Commodities ? ? ? ? Personalized services through branches ; regional hubs Trading ; Relationship Mgmt. Services in Bullion, Base Metals, Energy ; Agri. futures Opportunities in hedging ; portfolio diversification, speculation ; arbitrage Training ; Educational Seminars on Commodities ? Angel Currency Futures ? ? ? ? Comprehensive coverage on Currencies (‘Rupee’ to ‘Euro’, ‘Dollar Index’ to ‘Yen’). Reports covering in-depth fundamentals of the currencies. Latest economic data releases with their likely impact, along with â€Å"Technical levels† Comprehensive reports on currencies ideally suited for any investor / trader. ? Angel Gold ? ? ? ? Personalized Investment Advisory Portfolio Restructuring ; Continuous Monitoring Guidance from Experienced Research Team Periodic Group Meetings with Investors. ? Specialized Products Margin Funding ? Facility to allow clients to take higher exposure 20 ? ? ? Instant Liquidity for Clients Margin is deposited in Cash as well as Collaterals Enabling Clients grab Earning Opportunity Pre-Paid Brokerage ? ? ? ? ? ? Zero Account Opening Charges Attractive Brokerage Rates Free DP AMC for 1 year Assured gifts worth thousands with every account Easy ; Fast Recharge Free Financial Investment Application with every account ? Depository Services ? ? ? ? ? No physical instruction required for the client’s sell obligations Lowest transaction charges in the country Acceptance ; execution of instruction on fax A combined monthly ‘Bill-Transaction-Holding cum Ledger’ statement Efficient pledge mechanism ? Value Added Services Request response SMS Example – DP Holding, Pool Holding, Ledger update etc ? Insurance ? ? ? Products to meet the triple objectives of risk coverage, investment and tax planning Assessment of your Insurance needs after proper risk profiling A wide array of individual life cover plans to meet your Protection, Savings and Retirement needs ? Mutual Funds ? ? ? ? ? Tie- ups with all major AMCs Dedicated Relationship Manager for Business Partners Exclusive MF Research Reports by Angel (Daily/ Weekly/Monthly Mutual Fund Reports) MF Portfolios as per Investors Financial Goal Common Gateway for all Mutual Funds related queries ? Loans, IPO and Fixed Deposits Products distributed by Angel include: Unsecured Loans ? Personal/Business Loans/Credit Cards Secured Loans ? Home Loans/ Loan Against Properties ? Loan Against Securities / Gold IPO – Distribution, Advisory and Helpdesk Fixed Deposits NHB Term Deposits 22 Distribution Model Short form Full form Details CSO Central Statistical Organization Mumbai RO Regional Offices 24 Branches Branches 190 SB Sub-Brokers 10000+ Clients Clients 1900000+ 23 Business carried on by the particular firm 24 Angel Broking Regional Office. Rewards ; Recognition 27 E-broking Unique Online Trading products customized to suit different Investment / Trading needs – ? ? ? Angel Investor Angel Diet Angel Trade Back-Office Online Client Details includes – ? Ledger balances ? Cash Deposits with Angel ? Securities Holdings ? ? Charges levied/paid in the client’s account Last auction / close-outs effected ? DP Holding for the last 3 transactions 28 Advisory Intraday calls BTST calls Long term calls Angel Trading 29 Positional calls Main Competitors Major players in the region are as follows:- 30 History of broking firms Brief history of some broking firms – The birth of Karvy was on a modest scale in 1981. It began with the vision and enterprise of a small group of practicing Chartered Accountants who founded the flagship company, Karvy Consultants Limited. ? They started with consulting and financial accounting automation and carved inroads into the field of registry and share accounting by 1985. ? Since then, karvy utilized its experience and superlative expertise to go from strength to strength, to better their services, to innovate, diversify and in the process, evolved as one of India’s premier integrated financial service enterprise.

Should Young Offenders Be Tried as Adults?

Should Young Offenders Be Tried as Adults? Before Victorian times there were no age district for young offenders and all who got in trouble with the law were send to adult prisons. In our days crime is everywhere, children and young people making crimes starting from drugs and gangs all the way to murder. Young offenders committing more and more crimes these days. For most children and young people, getting into trouble is part of the normal business of growing up, testing the boundaries and finding ones place in the world. There are many reasons why children and young persons start committing crimes: violence at home, money problems, bored dome, learning problems, poor housing, availability of alcohol and drugs, friends influence, low grades at school and etc. Should children and young offenders be treated differently from adults? Social reformers campaigned to protect children from danger and exploitation. One of their key demands was that children should be removed from the adult prison system and placed in privately managed institutions. Mary Carpenter, who argued that three types of institutions were required, free schools for the deprived, industrial schools for young vagrants and beggars, and reformatories for convicted youngsters. (Rutheford, 1986) In England and Wales no child may be guilty of a criminal offence below the age of ten. Between the ages of ten and eighteen, young offenders are dealt with in what is now referred to the youth court, distinguishable in style and approach from the adult magistrates courts, which together with the Crown court, deal with offenders aged 18 or above. (Newburn, 2007) Children who are under ten years old are not responsible and cannot be held for their crimes, they are too young of understanding of consequences of their actions, however in our society today we hear more children under age of ten committing very serious crimes which they should not be doing. For example The Young brothers who subjected two other boys to a 90-minute attack involving torture and sexual humiliation the pair were jailed in January this year to serve at least five years. The media covered the case extensively. The presiding Judge had set a minimum detention period of five years, because the risk the defendants posed to the public and their lack of apparent remorse meant that they were likely to be locked away for considerably longer. (www.guardian.co.uk )The sentences handed to the two brothers who subjected a pair of boys to an attack involving prolonged sadistic violence and sexual humiliation, were appropriate and will not be referred to the court of appeal, according to the statement issued by attorney general Lady Scotland. The trial judge, Mr Justice Keith, jailed the brothers, for a minimum of five years, but the sentences were indeterminate, meaning they ca n only be released if the authorities believe they pose no threat to society. It is important to note that in this case the child protection services had failed the public. If the department had taken action against the perpetrators and made thorough investigation as the boys had a long record of violent attacks against other children and adults, this would have been prevented. Youth between age 14 17 are fully responsible for crimes they commit, but they are treated differently from adults, on the other hand if young offenders are able to commit adult crimes why they should be treated differently? Newburn points out many of the social reformers in the nineteenth century who campaigned to protect children from danger and exploitation demanded that they should be removed from the adult prison system and placed in state funded institutions. (Newburn, 2007) Children Act 1908 barred under 14s from prison and restricted the imprisonment of 14 -15 years old. Young people with experience of custody are likely to be the most at risk of reoffending. This is because they are often the most detached from education, training and employment, and are more likely to misuse drugs and alcohol and have mental health issues, which are all know risk factors (Martin Stephenson, 2007). If young offenders will be treated the same way as adults it is more likely they will commit crimes again, because they will be released from adults prison and will have different point of view then realising from juvenile prison or custody. Bob Holman points out that the move to lock up young people reflected a trend amongst adult offenders. Between December 1992 and December 1993, the proportion of offenders jailed by Crown courts rose from 40 per cent to 52 per cent, with the prison population reaching a record nearly 50,000. Custody must have a place in any justice system. Some people are so violent, so criminal, that their liberty must be removed in order to protect others. (Holman, 1995) The Crime and disorder Act 1998 made really big changes the way England and Wales courts are dealing with young offenders. Under principle, children aged 10 to 13 were presumed to be incapable of criminal intent unless this intent was proved beyond reasonable doubt. Since the 1998 Act there is no longer any legal requirement for the criminal courts to take formal account of a childs age when assessing their culpability. (Hayden, 2007) The population of young people housed in prisons and other secure accommodation is exceedingly needy. Almost one third of young offenders in custody have mental health problems and over half have borderline learning difficulties. The result is that children in custody typically have literacy and numeracy ages some four to five years below their chronological ages. One third was reporting that they take drugs not get high, but just to feel normal (Newburn, 2007) . The British Survey find out that 12 month before entering prison 13 per cent of male young offenders on remand and 11 per cent of those sentenced to custody has received help or treatment for a mental or emotional problem. (Newburn, 2007) In conclusion children and adolescents havent been always treated all that differently from adults. Adolescent is the period in which young people appear to engage in anti social activities including crime. For the majority there is a marked fall in criminal behaviour during early adult life, though a minority continues to persist in their offending carrees. In many ways, therefore, in relation to controlling crime, the aim has been the management of this problem population. For the whole of the last century and into this, children and young offenders have also been seen as a group necessitating an approach different from that employed with adults. (Newburn, 2007) Bibliography www.homeoffice.gov.uk   www.guardian.co.uk   Hayden, C. (2007). Children in trouble. New York: Palgrave Macmillan   Holman, B. (1995). Children Crime. Lion Publishing plc   Martin Stephenson, H. G. (2007). Effective Practise in Youth Justice. Canada: Willan Publishing Newburn, T. (2007). Criminology. Canada: Willan Publishing   Rutheford, A. (1986). Growing out of crime: Society and Young people in trouble. Penguin

networks :: essays research papers

1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An openwork fabric or structure in which cords, threads, or wires cross at regular intervals. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Something resembling an openwork fabric or structure in form or concept, especially: a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A system of lines or channels that cross or interconnect: a network of railroads. b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A complex, interconnected group or system: an espionage network. c.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An extended group of people with similar interests or concerns who interact and remain in informal contact for mutual assistance or support. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A chain of radio or television broadcasting stations linked by wire or microwave relay. b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A company that produces the programs for these stations. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A group or system of electric components and connecting circuitry designed to function in a specific manner. b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Computer Science. A system of computers interconnected by telephone wires or other means in order to share information. Also called net1. v. net ·worked, net ·work ·ing, net ·works v. tr. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To cover with or as if with an openwork fabric or structure. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To broadcast over a radio or television network. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Computer Science. To connect (computers) into a network. v. intr. To interact or engage in informal communication with others for mutual assistance or support. sorry, but i forgot the website i got this from. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An openwork fabric or structure in which cords, threads, or wires cross at regular intervals. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Something resembling an openwork fabric or structure in form or concept, especially: a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A system of lines or channels that cross or interconnect: a network of railroads. b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A complex, interconnected group or system: an espionage network. c.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An extended group of people with similar interests or concerns who interact and remain in informal contact for mutual assistance or support. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A chain of radio or television broadcasting stations linked by wire or microwave relay. b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A company that produces the programs for these stations. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A group or system of electric components and connecting circuitry designed to function in a specific manner.

Money Now or Cancer Later? Essays -- Drugs, Legalization of Marijuana,

The new debate over drugs is the passing of the legalization of marijuana for medical use. In ancient texts, there is a described time and use for cannabis to treat diseases and it continues on from over two thousand years ago to today (Johnson). The argument is widely debated and has been on the lap of congress for over one hundred and seventy-five years (Johnson). The political debate now isn’t just over legalizing it, it’s about do we allow it to be legalized so we can tax it now and pay for the after effects later, or do we not allow it to be passed and still arrest people in states that allow it and are following the rules? The thing stopping most of the passing is the FDA’s statement that, â€Å"Smoked Marijuana Is Not Medicine.† To the average person walking down the street is that marijuana is smoked or baked into food. With the college student usually knowing that ‘Special Brownies’ will give you a high from the marijuana baked into i t; a high school student usually knows that a joint of marijuana will give you a high because it’s a drug. So the typical misconception with the whole legalizing of marijuana is that just legalizing it doesn’t mean it is legal to use it in a smoking manner. When I was researching this topic for my paper, I asked a lot of my friends still in high school and college on why they wanted the bill to pass in Missouri. They told me that they wanted it passed so they could get permission to grow and smoke the plant from their doctor for their ‘illness’, or to go to the marijuana dispensing machines and get some for the fun of it. Then they laughed and walked away. This was also the reason why I was so against it from the start. Legalizing the drug so anyone who found a quack doctor could get a Schedule ... ...g/treatment/findingandpayingfortreatment/managinginsuranceissues/the-cost-of-cancer-treatment>. Johnson, Albert T., and States United. Medical Marijuana And Marijuana Use. New York, N.Y.: Nova Science, 2009. eBook Collection (EBSCOhost). Web. 17 Apr. 2014. Miron, Jeffrey A. The Budgetary Implications of Marijuana Prohibition. Rep. Cambridge, MA: Harvard U, 2005. Www.cannabis-commerce.com. Marijuana Policy Project, June 2005. Web. 27 Apr. 2014. . "Tobacco-Related Cancers Fact Sheet." American Cancer Society. American Cancer Society, 21 Feb. 2014. Web. 27 Apr. 2014. . "We Do Not Inherit the Earth from Our Ancestors; We Borrow It from Our Children." Quote Investigator. WorldPress, 26 Jan. 2014. Web. 27 Apr. 2014.

Alicia My Story, Book Summary Essay

The main character in this story is a Jewish girl named Alicia. When the book starts she is ten years old, she lives in the Polish town of Buczacz with her four brothers, Moshe, Zachary, Bunio, and Herzl, and her mother and father . The holocaust experience began subtly at first when the Russians began to occupy Buczacz. When her brother Moshe was killed at a † Boys School† in Russia and her father was gathered up by German authorities, the reality of the whole situation quickly became very real. Her father was taken away shortly after the Russians had moved out and the Germans began to occupy Buczacz. Once the Germans occupied, they moved the Jewish population of Buczacz into mass ghettos. Alicia and the rest of her family had to share a house with several other families which had also been driven out of there homes. The only source of income in this situation was to sell things at the marketplace, and even there, Jews were forbidden. Alicia went anyway and sold what she could for food and money. One day her brother Bunio disappeared from the ghetto. Alicia and her family found out later that he had been taken to a work camp, but that they could send food packages to him. Shortly after this, Alicia was taken into custody by German officials and put on a train to another work camp. Alicia managed to escape from this train by jumping through a small window. She found her way to a river which led her back to the ghetto. By this time several people in the ghetto had been feeling the effects of the impoverished conditions. Starvation, Typhoid, and other diseases, were beginning to take its toll on the people who lived in the ghetto. Then one day, Alicia found out that her brother Bunio had been killed in the work camp. A boy had escaped so they lined up all the boys and shot every fourth one. As time progressed, Alicia began assuming more responsibility for the daily tasks of the family such as going out and trading for more food in places other than the marketplace. While this was going on, Zachary and a few other boys from the ghetto had been forming a sort of resistance. One day Alicia was informed that her brother had been hanged. After Zachary’s death, Alicia was befriended by a woman named Bella. She met many good friends in the ghetto including a future friend as well as savior, Milek . Months later, Alicia and several other people were rounded up and sent to a prison in Chortkov. Here the conditions were very poor. Every day more and more people were taken out and shot. On the inside of the cells it was a cesspool of germs and diseases. Every morning the jailkeepers would go around the cell and kick people to see if they were still alive. One of these times Alicia was taken for dead and put onto a wagon with other bodies. The driver of the wagon found her, nursed her back to better health and then brought her back to the ghetto. During this time, before, and after she returned to the ghetto attempts to rid the ghettos of Jews were called â€Å"actions†. To escape being caught by the German police who took part in the actions, they built large bunkers to hide from their captors. After several of these actions, the Buczacz ghetto had been emptied by more than half. At this point the time came to move to a new ghetto. Alicia had been in this new ghetto only a short time when another action occurred. This time Alicia was captured and brought to a mass grave with a multitude of other Jews. Just when Alicia was about to be shot Milek took a gun from one of the shooters and began shooting other officers. Alicia took advantage of this opportunity, as she had many others, and ran for her life. She ran fast and far until she found herself coming into a town which was surrounded with tilled fields. She discovered she could work in exchange for a small amount of food. She worked hard in these fields and was able to let her mother in Buczacz know that she was safe. Alicia was reunited with her mother and they returned to this community where they lived for about a year. She also found out that her youngest brother Herzl had been taken away and killed Alicia would work at these fields and get food, she would bring some back to her mother who, because of poor health, was resting in seclusion most of the day.. One day they met a nice old man that was sort of an outcast from the rest of the community. He let them stay with him and another Jewish family that he was taking care of in his shack. They stayed here during the winter while Alicia still searched for food, in the process, making many friends. News came one day that the Germans were beginning to fall back from the Russian fronts and Germany’s grip on the Jews in Poland was weakening. This news made Alicia and her mother move away from the old man who helped them. Alicia and her mother had formed a very close friendship with the kindly man. When Alicia and her mother arrived in Buczacz they moved into a regular apartment and began to live a semi-normal life. It was not long after Alicia had moved back into Buczacz that the Germans took over the town again. In this raid on the Jews, Alicia’s mother was killed by the Germans. Alicia was taken to another prison where she would later be transported to another mass grave. While she was waiting, she devised a plan to escape the mass grave by running down a hillside and into a river. When they were lined up to be shot she ran to the river. She hid there all night and once again she had escaped the Germans. As she made her way back, she became friends with a group Russian Jews who were fighting with the Russians. She even earned a medal from them because she had helped a number of them escape from a prison cell. Her bravery was not overlooked. Returning to Buczacz she found that there wasn’t much left for her there, so she moved away with a person to a nearby town. She was in this town less than a few hours when her and her friend were taken into custody by the Russian police. What had happened was that her friend was suspected of selling things in the black market ( which she was ) and the police wanted to find out who was buying things from her. Over a span of 8 months they were kept but finally they were released. They received a lot of money from people that had been saved by their withholding of evidence. Alicia and her friend took this money and bought a train ticket to Lodz. They were stopped in Lvov because they went to get some tea while stopped at a station, but the train took off without them and they left all of their belongings on the train. Next they boarded a train to Krakow, and parted ways there. In Krakow, Alicia was staying at a rather large house with another family. She built a sort of orphanage by gathering up homeless children from the neighborhood. She lived with this family for a long time, and during this time she learned about a way that she could go to Eretz Island, Israel where she could be safe. She left her orphanage and went on a long journey where she met many people that were like her, in that she didn’t like to see people suffer. Alicia made it to Israel but was taken by British border patrol officers to a jail on Cypress for coming into the country illegally. She was then released from Cyprus.

Forward the Foundation Chapter 25

12 Las Zenow said with a certain trace of awe in his voice, â€Å"I didn't know you were so friendly with the Emperor, Professor Seldon.† â€Å"Why not? He's a very democratic fellow for an Emperor and he was interested in my experiences as a First Minister in Cleon's time.† â€Å"It made a deep impression on us all. We haven't had an Emperor in our halls for many years. Generally, when the Emperor needs something from the Library-â€Å" â€Å"I can imagine. He calls for it and it is brought to him as a matter of courtesy.† â€Å"There was once a suggestion,† said Zenow chattily, â€Å"that the Emperor be outfitted with a complete set of computerized equipment in his palace, hooked directly into the Library system, so that he would not need to wait for service. This was in the old days when credits were plentiful, but, you know, it was voted down.† â€Å"Was it?† â€Å"Oh yes, almost the entire Board agreed that it would make the Emperor too much a part of the Library and that this would threaten our independence from the government.† â€Å"And does this Board, which will not bend to honor an Emperor, consent to let me remain at the Library?† â€Å"At the present moment, yes. There is a feeling-and I've done my best to encourage it-that if we are not polite to a personal friend of the Emperor, the chance of a rise in appropriations will be gone altogether, so-â€Å" â€Å"So credits-or even the dim prospect of credits-talk.† â€Å"I'm afraid so.† â€Å"And can I bring in my colleagues?† Zenow looked embarrassed. â€Å"I'm afraid not. The Emperor was seen walking only with you-not with your colleagues. I'm sorry, Professor.† Seldon shrugged and a mood of deep melancholy swept over him. He had no colleague to bring in, anyhow. For some time he had hoped to locate others like Wanda and he had failed. He, too, would need funding to mount an adequate search. And he, too, had nothing. 13 Trantor, the capital world-city of the Galactic Empire, had changed considerably since the day Hari first stepped off the hypership from his native Helicon thirty-eight years ago. Was it the pearly haze of an old man's memory that made the Trantor of old shine so brightly in his mind's eye, Hari wondered. Or perhaps it had been the exuberance of youth-how could a young man from a provincial Outer World such as Helicon not be impressed by the gleaming towers, sparkling domes, the colorful, rushing masses of people that had seemed to swirl through Trantor, day and night. Now, Hari thought sadly, the walkways are nearly deserted, even in the full light of day. Roving gangs of thugs controlled various areas of the city, competing among themselves for territory. The security establishment had dwindled; those who were left had their hands full processing complaints at the central office. Of course, security officers were dispatched as emergency calls came through, but they made it to the scene only after a crime was committed-they no longer made even a pretense of protecting the citizens of Trantor. A person went out at his own risk-and a great risk it was. And yet Hari Seldon still took that risk, in the form of a daily walk, as if defying the forces that were destroying his beloved Empire to destroy him as well. And so Hari Seldon walked along, limping-and thoughtful. Nothing worked. Nothing. He had been unable to isolate the genetic pattern that set Wanda apart-and without that, he was unable to locate others like her. Wanda's ability to read minds had sharpened considerably in the six years since she had identified the flaw in Yugo Amaryl's Prime Radiant. Wanda was special in more ways than one. It was as if, once she realized that her mental ability set her apart from other people, she was determined to understand it, to harness its energy, to direct it. As she had progressed through her teen years, she had matured, throwing off the girlish giggles that had so endeared her to Hari, at the same time becoming even dearer to him in her determination to help him in his work with the powers of her â€Å"gift.† For Hari Seldon had told Wanda about his plan for a Second Foundation and she had committed herself to realizing that goal with him. Today, though, Seldon was in a dark mood. He was coming to the conclusion that Wanda's mentalic ability would get him nowhere. He had no credits to continue his work-no credits to locate others like Wanda, no credits to pay his workers on the Psychohistory Project at Streeling, no credits to set up his all-important Encyclopedia Project at the Galactic Library. Now what? He continued to walk toward the Galactic Library. He would have been better off taking a gravicab, but he wanted to walk-limp or not. He needed time to think. He heard a cry-â€Å"There he is!†-but paid no attention. It came again. â€Å"There he is! Psychohistory!† The word forced him to look up. Psychohistory. A group of young men was closing in around him. Automatically Seldon placed his back against the wall and raised his cane. â€Å"What is it you want?† They laughed. â€Å"Credits, old man. Do you have any credits?† â€Å"Maybe, but why do you want them from me? You said, ‘Psychohistory!' Do you know who I am?† â€Å"Sure, you're Raven Seldon† said the young man in the lead. He seemed both comfortable and pleased. â€Å"You're a creep,† shouted another. â€Å"What are you going to do if I don't give you any credits?† â€Å"We'll beat you up,† said the leader, â€Å"and we'll take them.† â€Å"And if I give you my credits?† â€Å"We'll beat you up anyway!† They all laughed. Hari Seldon raised his cane higher. â€Å"Stay away. All of you.† By now he had managed to count them. There were eight. He felt himself choking slightly. Once he and Dors and Raych had been attacked by ten and they had had no trouble. He had been only thirty-two at the time and Dors-was Dors. Now it was different. He waved his cane. The leader of the hoodlums said, â€Å"Hey, the old man is going to attack us. What are we going to do?† Seldon looked around swiftly. There were no security officers around. Another indication of the deterioration of society. An occasional person or two passed by, but there was no use calling for help. Their footsteps increased in speed and made a wide detour. No one was going to run any risks of getting involved in an imbroglio. Seldon said, â€Å"The first one of you who approaches gets a cracked head.† â€Å"Yeah?† And the leader stepped forward rapidly and seized the cane. There was a short sharp struggle and the cane was wrested from Seldon's grip. The leader tossed it to one side. â€Å"Now what, old man?† Seldon shrunk back. He could only wait for the blows. They crowded around him, each eager to land a blow or two. Seldon lifted his arms to try to ward them off. He could still Twist-after a fashion. If he were facing only one or two, he might be able to Twist his body, avoid their blows, strike back. But not against eight-surely not against eight. He tried, at any rate, moving quickly to one side to avoid the blows and his right leg, with its sciatica, doubled under him. He fell and knew himself to be utterly helpless. Then he heard a stentorian voice shouting, â€Å"What's going on here? Get back, you thugs! Back or I'll kill you all!† The leader said, â€Å"Well, another old man.† â€Å"Not that old,† said the newcomer. With the back of one hand, he struck the leader's face, turning it an ugly red. Seldon said in surprise, â€Å"Raych, it's you.† Raych's hand swept back. â€Å"Stay out of this, Dad. Just get up and move away.† The leader, rubbing his cheek, said, â€Å"We'll get you for that.† â€Å"No, you won't,† said Raych, drawing out a knife of Dahlite manufacture, long and gleaming. A second knife was withdrawn and he now held one in each hand. Seldon said weakly, â€Å"Still carrying knives, Raych?† â€Å"Always,† said Raych. â€Å"Nothing will ever make me stop.† â€Å"I'll stop you,† said the leader, drawing out a blaster. Faster than the eye could follow, one of Raych's knives went sailing through the air and struck the leader's throat. He made a loud gasp, then a gurgling sound, and fell, while the other seven stared. Raych approached and said, â€Å"I want my knife back.† He drew it out of the hoodlum's throat and wiped it on the man's shirtfront. In doing so, he stepped on the man's hand, bent down, and picked up his blaster. Raych dropped the blaster into one of his capacious pockets. He said, â€Å"I don't like to use a blaster, you bunch of good-for-nothings, because sometimes I miss. I never miss with a knife, however. Never! That man is dead. There are seven of you standing. Do you intend to stay standing or will you leave?† â€Å"Get him!† shouted one of the hoodlums and the seven made a concerted rush. Raych took a backward step. One knife flashed and then the other and two of the hoodlums stopped with, in each case, a knife buried in his abdomen. â€Å"Give me back my knives,† said Raych, pulling each out with a cutting motion and wiping them. â€Å"These two are still alive, but not for long. That leaves five of you on your feet. Are you going to attack again or are you going to leave?† They turned and Raych called out, â€Å"Pick up your dead and dying. I don't want them.† Hastily they flung the three bodies over their shoulders, then they turned tail and ran. Raych bent to pick up Seldon's cane. â€Å"Can you walk, Dad?† â€Å"Not very well,† said Seldon. â€Å"I twisted my leg.† â€Å"Well then, get into my car. What were you doing walking, anyway?† â€Å"Why not? Nothing's ever happened to me.† â€Å"So you waited till something did. Get into my car and I'll give you a lift back to Streeling.† He programmed the ground-car quietly, then said, â€Å"What a shame we didn't have Dors with us. Mom would have attacked them with her bare lands and left all eight dead in five minutes.† Seldon felt tears stinging his eyelids. â€Å"I know, Raych, I know. Do you think I don't miss her every day?† â€Å"I'm sorry,† said Raych in a low voice. Seldon asked, â€Å"How did you know I was in trouble?† â€Å"Wanda told me. She said there were evil people lying in wait for you, she told me where they were and I took right off.† â€Å"Didn't you doubt that she knew what she was talking about?† â€Å"Not at all. We know enough about her now to know that she has some sort of contact with your mind and with the things around you.† â€Å"Did she tell you how many people were attacking me?† â€Å"No. She just said, ‘Quite a few.'† â€Å"So you came out all by yourself, did you, Raych?† â€Å"I had no time to put together a posse, Dad. Besides, one of me was enough.† â€Å"Yes, it was. Thank you, Raych.† 14 They were back at Streeling now and Seldon's leg was stretched out on a hassock. Raych looked at him somberly. â€Å"Dad,† he began, â€Å"you're not to go walking around Trantor on your own from now on.† Seldon frowned. â€Å"Why, because of one incident?† â€Å"It was enough of an incident. You can't take care of yourself any longer. You're seventy years old and your right leg will not support you in an emergency. And you have enemies-â€Å" â€Å"Enemies!† â€Å"Yes, indeed. And you know it. Those sewer rats were not after simply anyone. They were not looking for just any unwary person to rip off. They identified you by calling out, ‘Psychohistory!' And they called you a creep. Why do you suppose that was?† â€Å"I don't know why.† â€Å"That's because you live in a world all your own, Dad, and you don't know what's going on on Trantor. Don't you suppose the Trantorians know that their world is going downhill at a rapid rate? Don't you suppose they know that your psychohistory has been predicting this for years? Doesn't it occur to you that they may blame the messenger for the message? If things go bad-and they are going bad-there are many who think that you are responsible for it.† â€Å"I can't believe that.† â€Å"Why do you suppose there's a faction at the Galactic Library that wants you out of there? They don't want to be in the way when you are mobbed. So-you've got to take care of yourself. You can't go out alone. I'll have to be with you or you will have to have bodyguards. That's the way it's going to be, Dad.† Seldon looked dreadfully unhappy. Raych softened and said, â€Å"But not for long, Dad. I've got a new job.' Seldon looked up. â€Å"A new job. What kind?† â€Å"Teaching. At a University.† â€Å"Which University?† â€Å"Santanni.† Seldon's lips trembled. â€Å"Santanni! That's nine thousand parsecs away from Trantor. It's a provincial world on the other side of the Galaxy.† â€Å"Exactly. That's why I want to go there. I've been on Trantor all my life, Dad, and I'm tired of it. There's no world in all the Empire that's deteriorating the way Trantor is. It's become a haunt of crime with no one to protect us. The economy is limping, the technology is failing. Santanni, on the other hand, is a decent world, still humming along, and I want to be there to build a new life, along with Manella and Wanda and Bellis. We're all going there in two months.† â€Å"All of you!† â€Å"And you, Dad. And you. We wouldn't leave you behind on Trantor. You're coming with us to Santanni.† Seldon shook his head. â€Å"Impossible, Raych. You know that.† â€Å"Why impossible?† â€Å"You know why. The Project. My psychohistory. Are you asking me to abandon my life's work?† â€Å"Why not? It's abandoned you.† â€Å"You're mad.† â€Å"No, I'm not. Where are you going with it? You have no credits. You can't get any. There's no one left on Trantor who's willing to support you.† â€Å"For nearly forty year-â€Å" â€Å"Yes, I admit that. But after all that time, you've failed Dad. There's no crime in failing. You've tried so hard and you've gone so far, but you've run into a deteriorating economy, a falling Empire. It's the very thing you've been predicting for so long that's stopping you at last. So-â€Å" â€Å"No. I will not stop. Somehow or other, I will keep going.† â€Å"I tell you what, Dad. If you're really going to be so stubborn, then take psychohistory with you. Start it again on Santanni. There may be enough credits-and enthusiasm-to support it there.† â€Å"And the men and women who have been working for me so faithfully?† â€Å"Oh bull, Dad. They've been leaving you because you can't pay them. You hang around here for the rest of your life and you'll be alone. Oh, come on, Dad. Do you think I like to talk to you this way? It's because no one has wanted to-because no one has had the heart to-that you're in your present predicament. Let's be honest with each other now. When you walk the streets of Trantor and you're attacked for no reason other than that you're Hari Seldon, don't you think it's time for a little bit of truth?† â€Å"Never mind the truth. I have no intention of leaving Trantor.† Raych shook his head. â€Å"I was sure you'd be stubborn, Dad. You've got two months to change your mind. Think about it, will you?† 15 It had been a long time since Hari Seldon had smiled. He had conducted the Project in the same fashion that he always did: pushing always forward in the development of psychohistory, making plans for the Foundation, studying the Prime Radiant. But he did not smile. All he did was to force himself through his work without any feeling of impending success. Rather, there was a feeling of impending failure about everything. And now, as he sat in his office at Streeling University, Wanda entered. He looked up at her and his heart lifted. Wanda had always been special. Seldon couldn't put his finger on just when he and the others had started accepting her pronouncements with more than the usual enthusiasm; it just seemed always to have been that way. As a little girl, she had saved his life with her uncanny knowledge of â€Å"lemonade death† and all through her childhood she had somehow just known things. Although Dr. Endelecki had asserted that Wanda's genome was perfectly normal in every way, Seldon was still positive that his granddaughter possessed mental abilities far beyond those of average humans. And he was just as sure that there were others like her in the Galaxy-on Trantor, even. If only he could find them, these mentalics, what a great contribution they could make to the Foundation. The potential for such greatness all centered in his beautiful granddaughter. Seldon gazed at her, framed in his office doorway, and he felt as if his heart would break. In a few days, she would be gone. How could he bear it? She was such a beautiful girl-eighteen. Long blond hair, face a little broad but with a tendency to smile. She was even smiling now and Seldon thought, Why not? She's heading for Santanni and for a new life. He said, â€Å"Well, Wanda, just a few more days.† â€Å"No. I don't think so, Grandpa.† He stared at her. â€Å"What?† Wanda approached him and put her arms around him. â€Å"I'm not going to Santanni.† â€Å"Have your father and mother changed their minds?† â€Å"No, they're going.† â€Å"And you're not? Why? Where are you going?† â€Å"I'm going to stay here, Grandpa. With you.† She hugged him. â€Å"Poor Grandpa!† â€Å"But I don't understand. Why? Are they allowing this?† â€Å"You mean Mom and Dad. Not really. We've been arguing over this for weeks, but I've won out. Why not, Grandpa? They'll go to Santanni and they'll have each other-and they'll have little Bellis, too. But if I go with them and leave you here, you'll have no one. I don't think I could stand that.† â€Å"But how did you get them to agree?† â€Å"Well, you know-I pushed.† â€Å"What does that mean?† â€Å"It's my mind. I can see what you have in yours and in theirs and, as time goes on, I can see more clearly. And I can push them to do what I want.† â€Å"How do you do that?† â€Å"I don't know. But after a while, they get tired of being pushed and they're willing to let me have my way. So I'm going to stay with you.† Seldon looked up at her with helpless love. â€Å"This is wonderful, Wanda. But Bellis-â€Å" â€Å"Don't worry about Bellis. She doesn't have a mind like mine.† â€Å"Are you certain?† Seldon chewed at his lower lip. â€Å"Quite certain. Besides, Mom and Dad have to have someone, too.† Seldon wanted to rejoice, but he couldn't do so openly. There were Raych and Manella. What of them? He said, â€Å"Wanda, what about your parents? Can you be so cold-blooded about them?† â€Å"I'm not cold-blooded. They understand. They realize I must be with you.† â€Å"How did you manage that?† â€Å"I pushed,† said Wanda simply, â€Å"and eventually they came to see it my way. â€Å"You can do that?† â€Å"It wasn't easy.† â€Å"And you did it because-† Seldon paused. Wanda said, â€Å"Because I love you. Of course. And because-â€Å" â€Å"Yes?† â€Å"I must learn psychohistory. I know quite a bit of it already.† â€Å"How?† â€Å"From your mind. From the minds of others at the Project, especially from Uncle Yugo before he died. But it's in rags and tatters, so far. I want the real thing. Grandpa, I want a Prime Radiant of my own.† Her face lit up and her words came quickly, with passion. â€Å"I want to study psychohistory in great detail. Grandpa, you're quite old and quite tired. I'm young and eager. I want to learn all I can, so I can carry on when-â€Å" Seldon said, â€Å"Well, that would be wonderful-if you could do it-but there is no funding anymore. I'll teach you all I can, but-we can't do anything.† â€Å"We'll see, Grandpa. We'll see.†